Bamana Antelope Chi Wara Headcrest Pair Mali

The Bamana, a prominent ethnic group, center their traditional life around agriculture, deeply intertwining nature's cycles and farming productivity with their society and art. The Ci-wara society preserves agricultural knowledge across generations and pays tribute to accomplished farmers. This society's rituals are rooted in the legend of a mythical creature—variously described as a roan antelope or anteater paired with a python or a half-man, half-animal figure named Ci-wara—credited with introducing agriculture. The Bamana honor successful farmers through performances featuring intricately carved wood Ci-wara crest masks. These masks are showcased at agricultural competitions, entertainment events, and annual celebrations, symbolizing the appearance of the revered animal. The masquerade ceremonies take place during planting and harvesting seasons, both in fields and village palaces, featuring a dance performed by a male-female pair.