Igbo Mask Nigeria

This finely carved mask comes from the Igbo of Nigeria. Masks among the Igbo serve multiple and often simultaneous purposes.

The Igbo, one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria, are renowned for their rich sculptural tradition and dynamic masking performances. Residing north of the Niger River, their artistic legacy stretches back over 1,400 years, evident in the magnificent bronzes discovered at Igbo Ukwu, which highlight a sculpting tradition continuing to the present day.

Igbo art encompasses a diverse range of forms, materials, and functions, delineated into various sub-styles influenced by history and the environment. Much of their art is publicly displayed, serving as reminders of ancestors and the diverse spirits within the Igbo pantheon of gods. Central to their complex belief system are the alusi, deities representing natural forces and sacred places like rivers.

These alusi embody principles of both good and evil, as well as the protection and prosperity of families and communities. Crafted into human figures, they are housed in cult shrines where rituals are performed, including offerings to ensure their benevolence, fertility, and moral guidance. During dedicated cult days, these figures are often repainted and adorned, with women playing a significant role in the celebrations.

Given the multitude of Igbo carving styles, pinpointing the exact village of origin for a particular figure can be challenging.